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Imagine a group of people standing beside a river when they suddenly notice a child struggling in the water.
They jump in to help.
Then another child comes floating downstream.
And another.
And another.
Soon, everyone is frantically trying to rescue children from the river.
In the middle of the chaos, one person turns and starts walking upstream.
The others shout, “Where are you going? We need help saving these children!”
The person replies, “I’m going upstream to find out why they’re falling in.”
I’ve never forgotten that story.
For more than 25 years, I’ve worked with children with autism and developmental delays, and one of the most urgent issues I see is that too many families are told to “wait and see” when early action may matter most. By the time many children receive an autism diagnosis or begin intensive support, months or even years, have passed since the first concerns appeared.
I understand why parents wait because I did too.
When my son Lucas was 21 months old, my husband Charles first suggested that he might have autism. I immediately dismissed the idea. I told him he was wrong and spent more than a year hoping everything would be okay. Looking back, I understand denial because I lived it. I wasn’t ignoring Lucas. I was scared, overwhelmed, and desperately hoping he would catch up on his own.
If you’re reading this because your toddler isn’t talking, isn’t responding consistently to their name, has lost words they once used, or is showing possible signs of autism, I want you to know that you’re not alone. These concerns can feel frightening, and it’s natural to hope that your child will simply grow out of them.
But here’s what I’ve learned both as a mom and as a behavior analyst: waiting can feel safer than acting. It can feel easier to hope, watch, and give it more time. Yet if a toddler is not talking, not responding, losing skills, or showing early signs of autism, waiting without a plan can cost valuable time.
The good news is that you don’t need to panic, blame yourself, or rush to conclusions. And you don’t need an autism diagnosis before you begin helping your child. What you do need is a plan for taking action now so you can support communication, learning, and development during these critical early years.
If you’re worried about your toddler’s development but haven’t taken action yet, you’re not alone.
One of the biggest misconceptions I see is that parents who wait are ignoring obvious signs or refusing to get help. In my experience, that’s rarely true. Most parents are doing the best they can with the information they have at the time. Professionals and families are reassuring them that there is no cause for concern.
There are many reasons families choose to wait:
When my son Lucas was showing signs of autism in 1998, I wasn’t an autism expert. I was a registered nurse, but I didn’t recognize many of the early signs. When my husband Charles first suggested that Lucas might have autism at 21 months old, I immediately dismissed the idea. I wanted to believe he was simply developing at his own pace and would catch up.
Looking back, I wasn’t ignoring the situation. I was confused, overwhelmed, and hoping for the best.
Many parents find themselves in that same position today.
The challenge is that “wait and see” often turns into months or even years of uncertainty. Families wait for referrals. They wait for evaluations. They wait for therapy openings. They wait to see whether their child will catch up. Even if they aren’t in any type of denial, resources are so spread thin that wait lists can be very long!
And while they’re waiting, valuable time passes.
This doesn’t mean every toddler with a speech delay has autism. It doesn’t mean every child who develops differently will need intensive services. But when concerns are present, waiting without a plan is very different from taking action while you gather more information.
The goal is to recognize concerns early and begin helping your child as soon as possible, even if you don’t yet have all the answers.
Don’t feel lost if you aren’t in denial but stuck waiting; there are steps you can take today to help your child.
Not every late talker has autism. Not every developmental concern means a child will need intensive support. And not every toddler who develops differently will go on to receive a diagnosis.
But some signs deserve attention because they may indicate that a child needs additional support.
These concerns can include:
One of the biggest misunderstandings around “wait and see” is that parents often think they have only two choices: either panic and assume something is seriously wrong, or do nothing and hope things improve.
In reality, there is a third option.
You can watch development carefully while also taking action.
There’s a big difference between monitoring a child’s progress and simply waiting. Monitoring means paying attention to developmental milestones, gathering information, seeking professional guidance, and actively supporting communication and learning. Waiting without a plan often means months pass with little change while everyone hopes the child will eventually catch up.
One concern that deserves special attention is regression.
Research suggests that a significant percentage of children later diagnosed with autism lose skills they previously had. In my son Lucas’s case, some of his early autism signs became more noticeable after age two. In Newsletter #2, I discussed how up to 30% of children with autism may experience some form of regression, making the early signs even harder for families to recognize.
Regression can look like:
If you notice a loss of skills, this is not something to simply “wait and see.”
That doesn’t mean parents should panic. It doesn’t mean a child definitely has autism. But it does mean it’s important to seek an evaluation and begin supporting development as soon as possible. When skills are moving backward instead of forward, early action becomes even more important.
One concept that has always stuck with me comes from my nursing background.
In rehabilitation medicine, professionals often talk about a “golden year” after a stroke or brain injury. During that period, the brain is especially responsive to treatment, learning, and recovery. While autism is very different from a stroke or brain injury, the idea highlights an important truth: timing matters.
In Newsletter #2, I wrote about how many children show signs of autism around 18 months to 2 years of age, yet the average diagnosis often doesn’t occur until years later. By the time some children receive services, a significant amount of valuable learning time has already passed.
The early years are when children are learning how to communicate, imitate, play, interact socially, and participate in everyday routines. Every day presents hundreds of opportunities to practice these skills during meals, bath time, playtime, errands, bedtime routines, and family interactions.
The earlier parents begin supporting communication, play, imitation, cooperation, and daily living skills, the more opportunities a child has to learn and practice throughout the day.
This doesn’t prove autism can be cured. It doesn’t mean every child who receives intervention will lose an autism diagnosis. And it certainly doesn’t prove that intervention alone caused any particular outcome.
In Newsletter #2, I referenced research showing that nearly 40% of children diagnosed with autism between ages one and three no longer met diagnostic criteria when reassessed years later. Researchers like Dr. Ami Klin have also suggested that very early support may help lessen the severity of some of the language, cognitive, and behavioral challenges that often accompany autism.
No one can predict which child will make dramatic gains, which child will need ongoing support, or which child may eventually no longer meet diagnostic criteria.
If there is a possibility that outcomes can improve, parents should be supported in taking action as early as possible rather than spending months or years waiting for certainty. The goal is not to chase a diagnosis or a label. The goal is to help a child communicate, learn, and become as independent as possible, starting today.
One of the most common things I hear from parents is some version of:
“He only has a speech delay.”
“He’s affectionate, so I don’t think it’s autism.”
“He’ll probably catch up.”
“Even if it is autism, it seems mild.”
But, as you’ve been reading, waiting rarely yields good results for children and families.
When Lucas was two years old, many of his autism symptoms looked relatively mild. He attended a toddler preschool program twice a week. He walked into class carrying his backpack. He sat during circle time, lined up with the other children, ate snack, and seemed happy throughout the day.
At the same time, he was speech delayed and showing signs that I didn’t fully understand at the time. He had poor response to his name, limited pointing, and delays in imitation and play skills. Looking back, the signs were there, but they didn’t seem severe. He was able to go to a typical 2 year old preschool program, and to me, it seemed like he would catch up.
What I’ve learned after working with thousands of children and families is that toddlers can be incredibly difficult to predict.
Some children who appear significantly delayed at age two make tremendous gains over time. Other children who seem only mildly affected may continue to struggle with communication, learning, independence, and behavior for many years.
My own son is a perfect example.
Today, Lucas is an adult who still requires significant support and supervision. At the same time, I know other children who appeared much more impaired than Lucas at age two who later graduated from college, learned to drive, and became highly independent.
The point is that no one can accurately predict a toddler’s future based on how they look today.
Shortly after Lucas was diagnosed, I attended a lecture by autism expert Dr. Glen Dunlap. I told him that I didn’t think Lucas would need intensive intervention because he seemed like he would probably be fine.
His response has stayed with me for decades.
He told me to “treat it like it’s the most severe case of autism.”
At first, that advice felt extreme.
But what he meant was not to panic or assume the worst. He meant that when a child is showing signs of developmental delays or autism, we shouldn’t gamble with time. We shouldn’t assume that mild signs will simply disappear on their own.
The safest approach is to take concerns seriously, begin teaching systematically, and provide support as early as possible.
If a child ultimately needs less support than you expected, that’s wonderful. There is little to no harm in receiving early support.
But if they need more support than you expected, you’ll never regret getting started early.
Many parents believe they need an autism diagnosis, or an early intervention assessment before they can begin helping their child.
While a diagnosis can be important, it shouldn’t be the starting point for taking action.
An autism diagnosis can open doors to services, insurance coverage, ABA therapy, educational supports, and accommodations. For many families, obtaining a diagnosis is an important step.
The problem is that diagnoses often take time.
Families may spend months waiting for referrals, evaluations, paperwork, appointments, and services. I even read comments on social media of families who say “we are just waiting for a diagnosis”.
Early intervention programs can be helpful, but they often involve waitlists and may not provide enough intensity to address all areas of concern. Unfortunately, the EI model has not changed much since my own son was in early intervention, and it isn’t enough hours!
ABA therapy can also be extremely helpful, but access varies widely depending on location, insurance coverage, provider quality, staffing, and availability.
Along the way, many parents receive conflicting advice from different professionals. One person recommends waiting. Another recommends therapy. A third focuses on speech. Someone else says not to worry.
It’s no wonder parents feel overwhelmed.
What I have learned over the past 25 years is that no professional will spend more time with your child than you do.
Parents are there during breakfast, bath time, playtime, bedtime, grocery shopping, family outings, and all the small moments in between. These daily routines create dozens of opportunities to build communication, cooperation, play skills, self-care skills, and independence.
That’s why my Turn Autism Around® approach focuses on helping parents become the “Captain of the Ship.”
Instead of waiting for the perfect diagnosis, the perfect therapist, or the perfect treatment plan, parents can begin learning strategies that fit naturally into everyday life. Small changes, repeated consistently throughout the day, can create hundreds of learning opportunities each week.
If you’re concerned about your toddler’s development, here are six practical steps you can take right away:
The most important thing to remember is this: you don’t have to wait for a diagnosis to start helping your child. In fact, the earlier you begin, the more opportunities your child has to learn, communicate, and make meaningful progress.
If your toddler isn’t talking, has lost skills, isn’t responding to their name, or is showing other developmental concerns, I don’t recommend simply waiting and hoping things improve on their own. While some children do catch up naturally, it’s impossible to know which children will and which children will need additional support. The best approach is to monitor development carefully while taking proactive steps to encourage communication, play, learning, and social engagement. Waiting is not a good plan.
No. You do not need an autism diagnosis before you begin helping your child. Wait lists for a diagnosis can be very long, and waiting can waste valuable time.
While a diagnosis can provide access to services, insurance coverage, and educational supports, parents can start supporting communication, play, imitation, cooperation, and daily living skills immediately. Early action is often more important than waiting for a label.
Many pediatricians reassure parents because children develop at different rates, and some delays do resolve naturally. But, why risk it? There is a risk to waiting, but little to no risk involved in acting.
If you continue to have concerns, trust your instincts and continue gathering information. Ask about developmental screening, request referrals when appropriate, and monitor your child’s progress closely. Seeking an evaluation or learning strategies to support development does not mean you’re overreacting.
You can even learn how to teach your child at home while waiting.
Waiting for an evaluation doesn’t mean you have to put everything on hold. You can document your concerns, request an early intervention evaluation, learn about early signs of autism, and begin building communication and learning opportunities into everyday routines. Meals, playtime, bath time, dressing, and bedtime all provide valuable opportunities to support development while you wait for answers.
Research suggests that early intervention can improve communication, learning, social engagement, and adaptive skills for many children. Some studies have found that a percentage of children diagnosed with autism at very young ages later no longer met diagnostic criteria. However, no one can predict which children will make dramatic gains or exactly what factors contribute to those outcomes. What we do know is that early support gives children more opportunities to learn and practice important skills during critical developmental years.
No. While earlier intervention is generally better, it is never too late to help a child make progress. I’ve worked with children, teens, and adults who continued learning new skills and becoming more independent. Whether your child is 2, 5, 10, or older, focusing on communication, learning, safety, independence, and quality of life can still make a meaningful difference.
Resources
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Want to start making a difference for your child or clients?
Dr. Mary Barbera, RN, BCBA-D is a best-selling author, award-winning speaker, and Board Certified Behavior Analyst with a Ph.D. in leadership. As both an autism mom and professional, Mary brings over 25 years of experience helping thousands of parents and professionals around the world. She is the creator of the Turn Autism Around® approach and author of The Verbal Behavior Approach and Turn Autism Around: An Action Guide for Parents of Young Children with Early Signs of Autism. Through her books, online courses, and podcast, Mary empowers families to increase talking, reduce tantrums, and improve life skills in young children with autism or signs of autism.